Science investigates; religion interprets. Science gives man

Hear, O seekers of truth, the words of Martin Luther King, Jr., prophet of justice and voice of conscience, who declared: “Science investigates; religion interprets. Science gives man knowledge which is power; religion gives man wisdom which is control.” These words shine like a double-edged sword, reminding us that man’s greatness lies not only in the strength of his discoveries, but also in the guidance of his soul. For knowledge alone can make a giant without direction, but wisdom tempers his steps and keeps him from destroying the very earth upon which he walks.

The origin of this saying springs from King’s deep engagement with both faith and reason. He was a minister of the Gospel, yet also a student of philosophy and history. He admired the triumphs of science—its ability to conquer disease, to expand horizons, to give humanity tools of unimaginable power. Yet he also knew the shadow: that the same knowledge which splits the atom could be turned to fire and ash upon cities. Without wisdom, power becomes peril. Thus he placed science and religion side by side—not as enemies, but as companions, each fulfilling what the other lacks.

Consider, O listener, the tale of the twentieth century’s dawn. Men of science unlocked the secrets of energy, and from their work came the atom bomb. In that moment, knowledge gave humanity more power than ever before—power to end wars, but also power to annihilate life itself. The investigation was flawless; the science was sound. But without the wisdom of restraint, without the moral compass to guide its use, this gift became terror. King’s words here are proven: only religion, or that deep well of moral interpretation, could give control to power so vast.

Or recall the story of Mahatma Gandhi, who though not a scientist, embodied this union. He recognized the achievements of modernity, yet he insisted that progress without morality was no progress at all. He wielded not weapons, but the wisdom of nonviolence, controlling anger and channeling human passion into discipline and peace. His vision was not about rejecting science, but about ensuring that knowledge was always governed by the higher light of wisdom.

Thus King’s words burn with urgency: science asks what is? and how does it work?; religion asks why? and what ought we to do? One without the other is incomplete. To live by science alone is to be strong without compass, swift without destination. To live by religion alone is to be inspired but powerless, yearning without means. But when knowledge and wisdom, power and control, walk hand in hand, humanity rises toward its highest calling.

The lesson is clear: embrace both. Do not despise the investigations of science, for they expand the horizon of human possibility. But do not neglect the interpretations of religion, or the voice of moral wisdom, for they safeguard our humanity. When you marvel at invention, ask how it may serve love. When you see power in your hands, ask how you will control it for good. In this union lies the hope of man: to be mighty and merciful, brilliant and just, powerful and humane.

Practical actions lie before you. When you study, let your heart ask not only “what can I do with this knowledge?” but also “what should I do?” When you wield power—whether in work, in family, or in society—temper it with justice, humility, and love. Encourage children not only to become clever, but to become wise. Honor the doctors, the scientists, the builders—but also honor the prophets, the sages, and the guides of spirit. For in this balance lies the survival of nations.

So let King’s words be carved upon your heart: science gives us the wings to soar, but religion teaches us where to fly. Knowledge makes us powerful, but wisdom keeps us human. And when power bows to wisdom, when knowledge serves love, then humanity shall not destroy itself, but rise into its truest destiny.