We do not know, in most cases, how far social failure and success

Yes — that quote is correctly attributed to John B. S. Haldane, the British-Indian scientist, biologist, and geneticist. He was one of the leading figures in the development of modern genetics and evolutionary biology.

“We do not know, in most cases, how far social failure and success are due to heredity, and how far to environment. But environment is the easier of the two to improve.”
— John B. S. Haldane

Context and Background

Haldane was known not only for his work in biology but also for his philosophical reflections on science, society, and human nature. This particular quote reflects his interest in the nature versus nurture debate, particularly regarding social outcomes such as success and failure.

Haldane acknowledges the complexity and difficulty in measuring the impact of heredity versus environment on individual and social success. However, he highlights a practical truth: while we cannot always measure or control genetics, we have more agency in improving our social environments. This makes the environment a more feasible point of intervention for promoting social progress.

Interpretation

• “How far social failure and success are due to heredity” — Haldane recognizes that genetics may play a role in shaping individual traits like intelligence, temperament, and physical health, which in turn influence success or failure in life.

• “How far to environment” — he emphasizes the influence of upbringing, education, culture, and socioeconomic factors on an individual’s opportunities and outcomes.

• “Environment is the easier of the two to improve” — while we can’t easily change genetic factors, we have the power to influence and improve social conditions, making it easier to foster positive change through environmental factors.

Summary

John B. S. Haldane’s quote provides a thoughtful reflection on the interplay between genetics and environment in shaping human success and failure. His emphasis on environmental improvement as a means of social progress is rooted in the belief that, while we may not control heredity, we can influence our surroundings to uplift and support individuals for a better society.